Go with the flow ;)

Today we learnt about energy flow in circuits. The flow of charge is referred to as electric current.

Electricity is demonstrated by a steady flow of electrons. As electrons move around a circuit, they transfer electric charge with them too.

The current can be measured by using this general formula :

I = charge (Q)
      -----------
      time (t)
I= Current in amperes

Because the size of an electron is very minute (2.82 x 10¹⁵ m )
scientists decided to measure electron in groups referred to as couloumbs. One coulomb is 6.25 x 10¹⁸
electrons.

Lets looks at batteries. You start off with chemical energy which separates the electrons from the atoms. As they continue to separate, there is a charge that builds up between them. This is known as electric potential energy. This energy has the potential to be transferred. There are two theories that describe the transformation. One such theory is the conventional current which was created by Benjamin Franklin. This is the model of positive current flow which states that electrons move from the positive (+) terminal, through the circuit, to the negative (-) terminal. However, we know today that this theory is wrong but use it anyway because it is too late to change the way we regard energy flow. The correct theory is known as electron flow which accurately states that electrons move from the negative (-) terminal, through the circuit, to the positive (+) terminal. In a battery the current flows in a single direction from the power supply through the conductor to the load (which uses the energy) and back to the power supply defined as direct current as opposed to the current continually changing directions defined as alternating current. Anyway in the end all this electric energy that is constantly flowing is converted into electrical energy. 

Current Flow Theory

Electron Flow Theory